Microbiology Equipment
Microbiology is the study of organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye. Microbiology includes but is not limited to the study of parasites, fungi, bacteria, viruses and protozoa. All of these organisms can collectively be called microorganisms. Less than 1% of the microorganisms in the world have been study; microbiology is a relatively new field.
Microorganisms were long suspected to exist but it wasn’t until 1664 that Robert Hooke invented a microscope that allowed him to see and study the tiny world that was previously unseen by man. In 1674, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, who is considered to be the father of microscopy, was the first man who described the life that can be found in a drop of water. Van Leeuwenhoek devised new ways to grind and polish lenses, in this way he could magnify things up to 270 times larger than their real size. This allowed Van Leeuwenhoek to see blood corpuscles circulating in capillaries and to see that yeast was a plant.
Beside the microscope, many other tools are used to study microbiology. Petri dishes and incubators are probably two of the most important tools. A Petri dish is a glass dish with a cover. It contains agar, agar is a growth medium, it resembles jello and is made from seaweed. It is used to grow bacteria and fungi, The growth is called a culture. The incubator is a special box that is used to grow the culture by controlling the environment of the culture, typically the humidity and the temperature. The temperature in an incubator typically goes up to 150 degrees Fahrenheit, some units can provide refrigeration as well.
Another very important tool is the autoclave. In microbiology, we learn the important concept of sterility by the process of aseptic technique. This process is commonly practiced in the hospital setting because the medical health team knows that without aseptic technique, the patients will surely get the diseases caused by infectious microscopic organisms. Most of us believe that these microorganisms do nothing but harm to our body. That is a wrong notion because in our body we have microorganisms freely thriving and not causing us any diseases. Examples of these are our intestines natural bacteria or our skins microflora. Most of them are living dormant without affecting us or causing us any disease and some of them actually protect us from other harmful microorganism invading our system. They are often referred to as the “Good Bacteria” of our body. The autoclave is used to sterilize the tools, it uses steam and pressure used in microbiology. Without sterilization of the tools used, it would be impossible to properly grow the desired cultures.
Learning about these tools and hearing these words may make it seem that microbiology is a topic that is reserved for labs and the sciences but microbiology plays an important part in the everyday world if you only look around and listen.
One of the hot topics in the news today is Swine Flu. The studying of Swine Flu, it’s prevention and the development of an effective vaccine is also a hot topic in microbiology. Thanks to microbiology, people realize that hand washing is a good way to prevent them from becoming sick, they also realize that an antibacterial soap will not protect them because the Swine Flu is a virus. An antimicrobial soap used to wash the hands used for 30 seconds will help prevent the swine flu. An alternative, when on the go are alcohol based hand cleaners, they are not as effective as antimicrobial soaps but are better than no action at all.
Through microbiology, we have learned that viruses can be transmitted through touch. This means during the flu season, minimize physical contact with everyone, handshakes and hugs are an easy way to transmit the virus. Microbiology has also taught us that if we want to stay health, our hands should stay away from our faces, carrying the Swine flu on our hands does not mean we will get it, putting the hands around our eyes, nose or mouth greatly increases the probability of developing the swine flu.
Microbiology has contributed greatly to the field of medicine. The study of this important branch of Science has led to development in Pharmaceutical field by the discovery and manufacturing of antibiotics, vaccines, medications for viruses, protozoa, and fungi. It has also helped in developing medical treatments specific to the different infections and diseases contracted from the microorganisms in the environment. By microbiology, developments in biotechnologies have increased, food preservation and safety is maintained, and different products are created for everyone’s benefit.
Further research studies are conducted in the field of Microbiology today in order to develop additional or advance treatments to diseases and to discover treatments to diseases with unknown cure like cancer.
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